Outdoor sports need to be careful, how to save yourself in case of danger?
How to deal with poisonous snake attacks?
In walking different paths encounter animal attacks is really like fighting with death, such as snakes, bees, these very toxic animals, a serious point can be fatal, it is best to avoid walking away to avoid being attacked. If you encounter snake bites in the wild, the wound will appear larger, deeper teeth marks, before you can be judged as a poisonous snake bite; if no teeth marks, and within 20 minutes there is no local pain, swelling, numbness and weakness and other symptoms, it is a non-venomous snake bite, only need to clean the wound, stop bleeding, bandage, if conditions, you should go to the hospital to inject tetanus.
Generally speaking, the symptoms of a venomous snake bite will only gradually present themselves 10 to 20 minutes after the bite. It is most important to buy time at this time. First, find a cloth belt or long shoelace to tie the wound 5-10 centimeters near the upper end of the heart to ease the spread of toxins; to prevent necrosis of the limb, relax for 2-3 minutes every 10 minutes or so; rinse the wound surface repeatedly with cold water for snake venom. Then, using the tooth marks as the center, cut the skin of the wound into a cross shape with a disinfected knife. Then use both hands to squeeze hard, cupping, or cover the wound with four or five layers of gauze and suck hard with your mouth across the gauze (no wound inside the mouth) to try to suck out the venom from the wound. Also immediately take antivenom tablets and apply antivenom powder around the wound. Slow down the injured person's movement as much as possible and take him/her quickly to a nearby hospital for treatment.
How to cope with a bee animal attack?
When you find a beehive while walking, you should go around it and make sure not to show "proximity". At the same time, it is best to wear light-colored smooth clothing because the bee's visual system is very sensitive to the movement of dark objects against a light background.
If you are attacked by a swarm of bees, the only way is to protect your head and neck with your clothing and run away in the opposite direction or get down in place. Do not try to fight back, as this will only lead to more attacks. If you are really unfortunate enough to have been stung by a bee, use a needle or tweezers to pick out the stinger, but do not squeeze it to prevent the remaining toxins from entering your body. Then apply ammonia, soda or even urine to the sting to neutralize the toxicity. A cold water-soaked towel can be applied to the injury to reduce the swelling and pain. Finally, go straight to the hospital!
How to quickly respond to limb injuries?
In the outdoor sports, inevitably encounter limb injuries, but we must know how to deal with injuries, such as fractures, falls, sprains and other cases we should how to deal with wounds in a timely manner. Fracture 1, such as skin wounds and bleeding, to remove the visible dirt, and then use clean cotton or towels and other pressure bandages. 2, open fractures of the extremities (fracture ends exposed by the wound) with bleeding, can not abuse rope or wire tied limb rest.
3、If the upper limb fracture can be fixed with a wooden board or wooden root or cardboard, and then suspended from the neck with a bandage or rope. Lower extremity fracture can be fixed with a board or wooden root bundle, or both lower extremities can be tied together for the purpose of fixation.
4、For pelvic fracture, the pelvis is tied with a wide strip of cloth, and the patient lies supine with the knee in a semi-flexed position and a pillow or clothing under the knee to stabilize the body and reduce swaying.
5、After the above treatment, the patient can be transported to the hospital.
Sprain
General sprains will show symptoms such as joint swelling, severe pain, restricted movement, subcutaneous bruising of the joint, inability to move or side-bending.
Treatment methods.
1. stop the activity (or at least reduce the force), especially for sprains of the ankle and knee joints.
2、Place gauze, towels, etc. on the affected area and apply cold compresses with ice packs.
3, can be used with the blood relaxation medicine treatment, but do not massage and massage. Remember to rest with the affected area padded.
Fainting
People who are not in good health are prone to heat syncope when they go out hiking in summer due to intense activity and excessive physical exertion, especially when they fail to replenish the water and salt lost in their bodies in time. Heat syncope symptoms the whole person feels exhausted, irritable, headache, dizziness with nausea. The face is pale and the skin feels wet and cold. Breathing is fast and shallow, and the pulse is fast and weak. It may be accompanied by muscle twitching in the lower limbs and abdomen.
Once febrile syncope occurs, move to a cool place to lie down as soon as possible. If the patient is conscious, he or she should be allowed to drink some cool boiled water slowly. If the patient sweats profusely, or has cramps, diarrhea, or vomiting, add salt to the water (one teaspoon per liter). If the patient has lost consciousness, he/she should be made to lie down in a prone position and rest fully until the symptoms abate and be sent to the hospital for further treatment.
In case of poor health, special attention should be paid to avoiding physically demanding activities, paying attention to the rhythm of rest and maintaining physical strength. Drink more water or beverages containing salt during action.
Cramps
Cramp is a very common thing. It is caused by excessive movement or poor posture when hiking, which leads to poor coordination of muscles, or due to cold when hiking or after hiking, the body loses a lot of salt, thus causing a sudden involuntary contraction of muscles, which often leads to cramps when resting in the camp.
At this time, you should pull the affected muscles, make the affected area straight, and gently massage the affected muscles. Replenish water and salt, and rest until the affected area feels comfortable.
Before and after participating in other outdoor activities such as hiking, you should do sufficient warm-up and preparation exercises.
